MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1)  Because deviant behavior violates the norms of an organization, community, or society, it is said to be

A) culturally defined. B)  socially labeled.

C) universally recognized. D)  Both A and B are true.

 

 

2)  The modern study of deviance

A) looks for the sources of deviance within the social structure.

B) focuses on problem individuals who violate the expectations of society.

C) focuses on the role of society in creating and sustaining deviance by labeling those viewed as abnormal.

D) both A and C

 

 

3)  Deviants are treated as the cause of their own problems by which of the following approaches to studying social problems?

A) self-actualization B)  person-blame

C) system-blame D)  institutionalized deviance

 

 

4)  Social Darwinists like William Graham Sumner would oppose social reforms like social welfare because

A) they are too expensive to produce viable results.

B) they allow people to get money for doing nothing.

C) they perpetuate the existence of unfit groups in society who would otherwise disappear.

D) it is more effective to provide technical training for the poor

 

 

5)  According to the text, the key to understanding social problems is understanding the

A) opinions of the public.

B) personal experiences of those who violate society's norms.

C) needs of victims of deviant behavior.

D) distribution of power in society.

 

 

6)  The three conditions necessary to the existence of pure capitalism depend on

A) individual self-fulfillment. B)  maximizing personal gain.

C) laissez-faire government policy. D)  general material progress of society.

 

 

7)  The key to differentiating between authentic and spurious socialism is

A) to ensure that individuals own the means of production.

B) a government policy of laissez-faire.

C) to determine who makes the decisions and whose interests are served.

D) All of the above are true.

 

 

8)  Interlocking directorates (the linkage between corporations) take the form of

A) individuals serving on the board of directors of two or more companies, which is a direct interlock.

B) two people who are related serving on the board of a company, creating a virtual interlock.

C) two companies each have a director on the board of a third, which creates an indirect interlock.

D) Both A and C are true.

 

 

9)  Contributors of large sums of money to political campaigns receive which of the following benefits?

A) access to politicians

B) influence over the positions of politicians on public issues

C) Both A and B are true.

D) None of the above are true.

 

 

10)  Piven and Cloward conclude that governmental assistance to the poor is provided when

A) policy analysts have conducted extensive studies and are convinced of the plight of the poor.

B) U.S. Census statistics document that the poor make up more than 15 percent of the population.

C) there is a Democratic majority in Congress.

D) there is a threat of political disorder.

 

 

11)  In the last stage of modern demographic transition, nations become more urban and

A) agricultural production goes down and the birth rate increases.

B) the birth rate stabilizes.

C) the birth rate declines, slowing the population growth.

D) None of the above is true.

 

 

12)  Third World governments spend the bulk of their meager resources on

A) military strength needed to protect themselves from internal and external threats.

B) social programs for the desperately poor who threaten to riot.

C) education, health care, and agricultural development.

D) courting foreign multi-national corporations.

 

 

13)  Movement of multi-national corporations to the Third World has resulted in

A) the U.S. increasing imports and reducing exports, which has eliminated domestic jobs.

B) U.S. banks that make bad loans to foreign governments being subsidized by American taxpayers.

C) Both A and B are true.

D) None of the above is true.

 

 

14)  All of the following are examples of corporate dumping in the Third World except

A) shipping toxic wastes there.

B) selling banned products there.

C) importing products from there that are also produced here.

D) marketing untested products there.

 

 

15)  American corporations do business with Third World countries because

A) Third World nations that purchase products dumped by U.S. companies are good sources of profit.

B) the Third World accepts toxic waste, allowing American corporations to meet EPA standards.

C) they are able to save money and increase their profits without regard for workers' health and safety.

D) All of the above are true.

 

 

16)  Creating demands (needs) for products where no actual need exists contributes directly to

A) environmental sensitivity. B)  overconsumption.

C) technological advancement. D)  tighter government regulations.

 

 

17)  Which one of the following is a major contributor to the deforestation of tropical rainforests?

A) multi-national corporations

B) lumber and mining companies

C) local government

D) All of the above are major contributors.

 

 

18)  Which of the following structural factor enables America businesses to pollute our water supply, which is used by everyone, and leave the public to bear the cost of cleaning it up?

A) politics B)  economics

C) demographic changes D)  social stratification

 

 

19)  Major obstacles to the U.S. adopting a comprehensive plan to curb pollution include

A) pursuit of the common good.

B) provisions that allow individuals to do with their land as they choose.

C) polluters' relationships to our federal system of government.

D) individual voluntary commitments to solve the problem.

 

 

20)  Which of the following will likely to be necessary if we are to deal with our environmental problems?

A) limit the expansion of quickly outdated and disposable technology

B) control people's freedom to use land and order life as they please

C) put the needs of society over those of individuals

D) All of the above are true.

 

 

21)  The state that is most impacted by immigration is

A) Florida. B)  California. C)  Texas. D)  New York.

 

 

22)  All of the following are prevailing myths about immigrants except

A) immigrants take jobs away from U.S. citizens.

B) immigrants are a drain on society's resources.

C) immigrants drive down wages for Americans.

D) an increase in the rate of in-migration in an area will lead to higher taxes.

 

 

23)  Anti-immigrant backlash most often results from immigrants

A) competing for relative advantage with other minorities and poor whites with whom they live side-by-side in poor neighborhoods.

B) being more likely than the rest of the population to be self-employed.

C) being widely dispersed across the population so they have insufficient numbers to defend against racial and ethnic prejudice.

D) generally having better paying jobs than other poor people.

 

 

24)  Which of the following is generally true of elderly African Americans?

A) They have a shorter life expectancy.

B) They have lower levels of personal income.

C) They are more likely to not qualify for Social Security.

D) All of the above are true.

 

 

25)  All of the following are true of Social Security except

A) it is the only source of income for about half of retired people.

B) it keeps over half of Americans over 65 years of age out of poverty.

C) all recipients receive the same level of benefits.

D) it pays benefits for non-working spouses (wives) that are about half of those for working spouses.